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Dutch scientists from the universities of Utrecht and Groningen discovered a new type of dangerous air pollutant known as "methyl siloxanes," which is believed to negatively affect human health and the climate.

The researchers explained that methyl siloxanes are silicone compounds used in motor oils, cosmetics, lubricants, and household detergents.

The study revealed that the concentration of these compounds in the air is much higher than expected, as their traces were found not only in major cities, but also in rural areas, forests, and coastal regions.

The results showed that the compounds produce large amounts of methyl siloxanes during car engine operation, where small amounts of motor oil leak into the combustion chamber. Due to the high thermal stability of these compounds, they do not decompose completely, but are released into the air through exhaust gases.

Robert Holzinger, an associate professor at Utrecht University, said: "The results showed that the concentration of methyl siloxanes in the atmospheric air is much higher than expected."

The researchers conducted measurements in the Netherlands, Lithuania, and Brazil, and the highest concentration of the substance was recorded in the metropolitan area of Sao Paulo in Brazil, reaching 98 nanograms per cubic meter. Even in the forested areas of Lithuania, high levels of this substance were detected.

According to the study, methyl siloxanes constitute between 2 and 4.3 percent of the organic aerosol mass in the atmosphere, making it one of the most widespread synthetic air pollutants.

The scientists indicated that humans may inhale daily amounts of methyl siloxanes exceeding what they inhale from other well-known pollutants, such as "PFAS" compounds or microplastic particles. Although the health effects of these compounds are not yet fully understood, they may affect the respiratory system and contribute to atmospheric and climate changes.

The researchers believe that methyl siloxane compounds are capable of altering the properties of aerosols in the atmosphere, which may affect cloud formation and climate processes. They can also change the surface tension of airborne fine particles, and interfere with ice crystal formation inside clouds, processes directly linked to heat and moisture distribution in the atmosphere.

The scientists emphasized the need for further studies to understand the impact of methyl siloxane compounds on human health and the global climate system independently and accurately.